According to the soil moisture monitoring of the national agricultural technology Center on August 13, the relative water content of most of the soil in the rural areas of the country is 65%-85%, and the moisture content is suitable. In the eastern and central parts of Northeast China, the central and eastern parts of North China, the northeastern part of Northwest China, the western part of Southwest China and the southern part of South China, the relative water content of the local soil is more than 85%, the moisture content is too much, and some low-lying land is waterlogged, which has adverse effects on the growth of local crops such as rice and corn. The relative water content of 0-20cm soil in the mountainous area of southern Anhui is less than 60%, and the moisture content is insufficient. Overall, moisture content is beneficial to the growth and development of autumn grain crops. At present, it is a critical period for the formation of output, we must strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, fully implement the "one spray and more promotion", especially for the problems of moisture deficiency, waterlogging, defertilization and diseases and pests, take targeted measures to prevent and reduce damage, stabilize production and increase production, and strive to achieve autumn grain harvest.
1. Most of the spring sowing areas in the north have suitable moisture content and local waterlogging
The relative water content of most soils in Northeast, North and northwest spring sowing areas is 65%-80%, and the moisture content is suitable. The relative water content of 0-20cm soil was 8.17 percentage points higher than that of the previous year and 6.25 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. The average relative water content of 20-40cm soil was 11.38 percentage points higher than that of the previous year and 5.81 percentage points higher than that of the previous year. From 0-20cm soil layer, 69.95% of monitoring sites have suitable soil moisture, 8.34% have insufficient soil moisture, and 21.71% have excessive soil moisture. From 20-40cm soil layer, 62.79% of monitoring sites have suitable soil moisture, 7.54% have insufficient soil moisture and 29.67% have excessive soil moisture. The farmland with too much moisture content to waterlogged is mainly distributed in the central and eastern part of Inner Mongolia, the eastern and northern part of Liaoning, the western and southern part of Jilin, the southeastern part of Heilongjiang, and the low-lying fields in the northwestern part of Shaanxi.
According to the weather forecast, in the next 10 days, the cumulative rainfall in the eastern part of Northeast China will be 40-70mm, and the local rainfall will be 90-110mm, which is 3-70% more than the same period of the year. Spring corn is currently mostly in the filling period, and the Northeast rice is in the heading - flowering period. The waterlogged plots should be dredged in time to ensure the smooth discharge of water after rain, and the low-lying fields can be strongly drained by drainage pumps and other machines. For spring corn fields with spray drip irrigation conditions, water-soluble fertilizer is applied timely through the spray drip irrigation system after the rain stops and water is applied. In spring corn fields without drip irrigation, leaf fertilizer such as 1.0%-1.5% urea (ammonium nitrate) and 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture was applied after the rain stopped. The rice seedling should be washed in the process of retreating water. Spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaf surface 1-2 times during heading - filling period.
2. Most of the northern summer planting areas have suitable moisture content, and the local moisture content is too much
The relative water content of most soils in North China Huanghuai and Northwest summer sowing areas is 65%-85%, and the moisture content is suitable. The relative water content of 0-20cm soil increased by 9.89 percentage points from the previous quarter and 11.10 percentage points from the previous year. The average relative water content of 20-40cm soil increased by 8.14 percentage points from the previous quarter and 5.81 percentage points from the previous year. From 0-20cm soil layer, 65.16% soil moisture is suitable, 6.61% soil moisture is insufficient, 28.23% soil moisture is too much. From 20-40cm soil layer, 61.11% of monitoring sites have suitable soil moisture, 4.41% have insufficient soil moisture, and 34.48% have excessive soil moisture. The farmland with excessive moisture content is mainly distributed in the north of Shandong and the southeast of Henan.
According to the weather forecast, in the next 10 days, the cumulative rainfall in the east of Huanghuai will be 40-70mm, and there will be 90-110mm locally, with 3-70% more rainfall than the same period of the year. Summer maize gradually enters the stage of flowering and silking from south to north, and the nutrient demand is large, so it is urgent to strengthen the management of water and fertilizer. The "three ditches" should be cleaned in advance, flooded farmland should be promptly drained of water in the field, and the seedlings should be washed immediately after the flood, and the fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to promote the recovery of the affected crops.
3. most of the south soil moisture is suitable, local waterlogging and insufficient coexistence
The average relative water content of most soils in Jiangnan, Central China, South China and Southwest China is 65%-85%, and the moisture content is suitable. The relative water content of 0-20cm soil increased by 8.22 percentage points compared with the previous quarter, and decreased by 9.21 percentage points compared with the previous year. 20-40cm decreased by 8.26 percentage points quarter-on-quarter and 6.70 percentage points year-on-year. From 0-20cm soil layer, 64.44% of monitoring sites have suitable soil moisture, 6.61% have insufficient soil moisture, 28.95% have too much soil moisture. From the 20-40cm soil layer, 58.64% of the monitoring sites have suitable soil moisture, 6.39% have insufficient soil moisture, and 34.97% have excessive soil moisture. The farmland with too much moisture content is mainly distributed in western Guangxi, central and eastern Guangdong, central and southern Sichuan, southern and western Yunnan, while the farmland with insufficient moisture content is mainly distributed in the mountainous areas of southern Anhui.
According to the weather forecast, in the next 10 days, the cumulative rainfall in southern Jiangnan, southern and western Yunnan, western Sichuan Basin and other places has 80-180mm, and the local more than 250mm, most of the high temperature in the south gradually eased, but 18-20 Jianghuai, Jianghan, northern Jiangnan and other places will again appear high temperature process. Waterlogged farmland should be opened in time to drain waterlogging, and the seedlings should be washed immediately after flood. In order to promote the recovery of disaster-affected crops, rapid nitrogen fertilizer or foliar fertilizer was applied. Spray 3% superphosphate solution or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on rice leaf surface to resist high temperature and prevent premature aging.
